![]() Sensitivity (80.21%) and specificity (99.64%) analysis performed by comparing manually segmented AC shows a good performance of the automated AC segmentation. Marching cubes algorithm is applied on the segmented AC slices for 3D volume rendering and volume is then calculated using the divergence theorem.įusion of multinuclear MR images results in an improved contrast (factor >3) in the cartilage region. MR data were fused to improve contrast of the cartilage region that is further used for automatic segmentation. Postprocessing is performed using customized routines written in MATLAB. Thus, the objective of this research was to provide an insight into morphologic assessment of AC using multilevel data processing of multinuclear ((23)Na and (1)H) MR knee images.Ī dual-tuned ((23)Na and (1)H) radio-frequency coil with 1.5-T MR scanner is used to scan four human subjects using two separate MR pulse sequences for the respective sodium and proton imaging of the knee. However, automatic AC segmentation and 3D reconstruction from hydrogen-based MR images alone is challenging because of inhomogeneous intensities, shape irregularity, and low contrast existing in the cartilage region. Quantitative assessment of knee articular cartilage (AC) morphology using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging requires an accurate segmentation and 3D reconstruction. In conclusion, MRI is currently the most suitable modality for early detection of knee OA, and future research should focus on the quantitative evaluation of early OA features using advances in MR hardware, software, and data processing with sophisticated image/pattern recognition techniques. The results of the review indicate that using an ultra-high magnetic strength, MR imager does not affect early OA detection. Choosing an MR pulse sequence that provides the capability to assess cartilage physiology and morphology in a single acquisition and advanced multi-nuclei MRI is desirable. Our review of the literature indicates that the changes associated with early OA are in cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, cartilage water content, and proteoglycan content that can be accurately, consistently, and non-invasively measured using MRI. The aim of this paper was to review the influence of MRI on the selection, detection, and measurement of AC features associated with early OA. ![]() Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming the standard for assessment of OA. ![]() Early detection can be achieved by identifying early changes in selected features of degenerative articular cartilage (AC) using non-invasive imaging modalities. Early detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is of great interest to orthopaedic surgeons, rheumatologists, radiologists, and researchers because it would allow physicians to provide patients with treatments and advice to slow the onset or progression of the disease. ![]()
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